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Thomas Walter Hayward (1871–1939) was a cricketer who played for Surrey and England between the 1890s and the outbreak of World War I. He was primarily an opening batsman, noted especially for the quality of his off-drive. Neville Cardus wrote that he "was amongst the most precisely technical and most prolific batsmen of any time in the annals of cricket."〔Barclays World of Cricket – 2nd Edition, 1980, Collins Publishers, ISBN 0-00-216349-7, p172.〕 He was only the second batsman to reach the landmark of 100 first-class centuries, following WG Grace.〔 In the 1906 English season he scored 3,518 runs, a record aggregate since surpassed only by Denis Compton and Bill Edrich in 1947.〔Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, 2008 edition, p281.〕 ==Career== Born 29 March 1871 in Cambridge Hayward came from a cricketing family: his grandfather, father and uncle had all played first-class cricket.〔His grandfather Daniel played (1832–1851) for Cambridge Town Club, Surrey and MCC; his father (also Daniel) played (1852–1869) for Cambridge Town Club, Surrey and Cambridgeshire. Hayward's famous uncle, Thomas Hayward, was a leading batsman who played 1854–1872 for Cambridge Town Club, Cambridgeshire and numerous representative teams including the England team that made the inaugural overseas tour to North America in 1859.〕 Hayward himself made his debut for Surrey in 1893 and quickly established himself as an important part of the side, being capped in 1894 and receiving the accolade of Wisden Cricketer of the Year the following season. From 1895 through to his final season in 1914, Hayward never once failed to reach 1,000 first-class runs, passing 2,000 on ten occasions and twice (in 1904 and 1906) scoring over 3,000; his 1906 aggregate of 3,518 (at 66.37 with 13 hundreds) established a record which stood until surpassed by Denis Compton and Bill Edrich in 1947. In 1898 he made his highest first-class score of 315 against Lancashire. In 1899 he and Bobby Abel put on 448 for Surrey's fourth wicket against Yorkshire. This remains the highest partnership for any wicket for Surrey. In 1900 he achieved the very rare feat of scoring 1,000 runs before the end of May. Hayward's first Test match for England came on tour with Lord Hawke's side against South Africa at Port Elizabeth in 1895/96, and in his second Test (at Johannesburg) he hit 122 as England recorded an innings victory. In all he played 35 times for England scoring three hundreds, his last innings coming against Australia in 1909: run out for six to finish just one run short of 2,000 for his Test career. He scored 130 at Old Trafford in the fourth Test of the 1899 Ashes series, batting at number six. He came in at 47 for 4, and enabled the final total to reach 372. It was described as "one of the great Test innings" by Ralph Barker.〔Barker, Ralph & Rosenwater, Irving, ''England v Australia: A compendium of Test cricket between the countries 1877–1968'', B.T. Batsford, 1969, ISBN 0-7134-0317-9, p80.〕 He followed that up in the fifth Test, at The Oval, with 137, putting on 185 for the first wicket with FS Jackson. He headed the batting averages for both sides in this series, in seven innings scoring 413 runs at 68.83. Once Jack Hobbs made his Surrey debut in 1905, he and Hayward formed an effective opening partnership for the county. The pair put on a hundred or more for the first wicket on 40 occasions.〔''Surrey County Cricket Club First-Class Records 1846–2000, Limited Overs Records 1963–2000'', compiled by The Surrey Statistics Group, published by Surrey County Cricket Club, p61.〕 They only played together once for England, opening the innings when Hayward was recalled for what was to prove his final Test, at Lord's in 1909. Despite a gradual decline in his athleticism in his later career, Hayward remained an effective batsman well into his forties, and in June 1913 he scored his hundredth first-class century, becoming only the second batsman (after W. G. Grace) to achieve this feat. He made his 104th and final hundred in August 1914 against Yorkshire at Lord's (where Surrey played several "home" matches after World War I had begun), but made just one in his last innings of all, against Gloucestershire back at The Oval and on grounds of age did not resume his career after the end of hostilities. Surrey won the County Championship in his final season. Hayward had the rare honour for a professional〔Its rarity is indicated by the fact that when Leicestershire appointed Ewart Astill as their captain for the 1935 season he became the first professional to regularly captain any county during the twentieth century. ''Barclay's World of Cricket'' – 2nd Edition, 1980, Collins Publishers, ISBN 0-00-216349-7, p397.〕 of the time of captaining the side for six matches in August when the regular captain, Cyril Wilkinson, was unavailable, in preference to the young amateurs Donald Knight and Percy Fender.〔(Scorecard of the first of the matches in August, 1914 in which Hayward captained Surrey )〕 Although primarily known as a batsman, Hayward was also an effective bowler for his county in the middle of his career. In 1897 he did the "double", with 1,368 runs and 114 wickets, and in 1899 he took two hat-tricks. His best bowling of 8–89 was achieved against Warwickshire at Edgbaston in 1901. Hayward was respected as a model professional. Of his final years with Surrey, David Lemmon wrote: "He was the senior professional in all aspects, setting down standards of behaviour which others violated at their peril. He led by bearing and by example."〔David Lemmon, ''The History of Surrey County Cricket Club'', Christopher Helm, 1989, ISBN 0-7470-2010-8, p136.〕 He stood in one first-class match as an umpire, the 1920 game between Oxford University and Essex. He died 19 July 1939 in Cambridge at the age of 68. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tom Hayward」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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